General Science is an important subject for candidates appearing for government exams like RRB Group-D, Railway NTPC, and SSE. The syllabus for General Science includes topics like basic biology, physics, chemistry, and earth science concepts. Aspirants must have a sound understanding of the basics of these subjects to crack the General Science section of these exams.
Practicing previous year question papers and mock tests is crucial to gain confidence and improve speed and accuracy. Aspirants must prioritize topics according to their importance and work on their weaknesses. With a well-rounded preparation strategy and dedication, clearing these exams is achievable.
In conclusion, General Science is a crucial subject for candidates preparing for government exams like RRB Group-D, Railway NTPC, and SSE. A thorough understanding of the concepts and theories of different scientific disciplines and regular practice can help aspirants score well in the exams.
In this article, we are sharing some essential general science-based topics related to different diseases, deficiencies, and syndromes. These topics cover a wide range of medical conditions, including the causes, symptoms, and treatment options. Understanding these topics can help individuals stay informed about their health and make better decisions for their well-being.
Types of diseases
Deficiency disease: This type of diseases is caused by lack of essential dietary elements like minerals, carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vitamins. Name of various deficiency diseases with the symptoms are given below
| Name of Disease | Deficiency | Symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Night Blindness | Vitamin A | Blurry or cloudy vision at night or in poor light |
| Dermatosis | Vitamin A | Skin disease |
| Beriberi | Vitamin B (thiamin) | Muscle weakness, swelling and pain in legs, enlarged legs |
| Scurvy | Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) | Bleeding gums, loose teeth, dry and damaged skin |
| Rickets | Vitamin D | Pain in arm bone, legs, pelvis, deformed skull, pelvis and limbs in children |
| Goiter | Iodine | Swelling of neck, coughing |
| Anemia | Hemoglobin (Iron) | Weakness and pale skin |
| Hypokalemia | Potassium | Weakness, kidney damage |
Hereditary disease: These are inborn disease present in an individual from birth. These are mainly caused by the genetic disorders or defects. For example: AIDS, Diabetes etc.
Infectious disease: This type of disease is caused by specific pathogenic organisms and capable of being transmitted to another person by direct or indirect contact i.e. through air, food, water, etc.These are further classified into several types on the basis of the causative organisms
| Type of Disease | Definition |
|---|---|
| Viral Diseases | Caused by virus. |
| Bacterial Diseases | Caused by bacteria. |
| Fungal Diseases | Caused by fungus. |
| Protozoal Diseases | Caused by protozoa. |
| Helminthic Diseases | Caused by worms. |
Disease & causative agents
| Causative Agents | Diseases |
|---|---|
| Virus | AIDS, Influenza, Rabies, Chicken pox, Measles, Yellow fever, Mumps, Poliomyelitis, Dengue fever, etc. |
| Bacteria | Typhoid, Diphtheria, Cholera, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Plague, Whooping cough, etc. |
| Fungus | Ringworms, Madura foot, Dhobi’s itch, etc. |
| Protozoa | Malaria, Kalazar, Sickness, Leishmaniasis, Amoebic dysentery, etc. |
| Worms (Tape worm, Roundworm, Filaria worm) | Taeniasis, Ascariasis, Filariasis, etc. |
Communicable disease.
Communicable diseases are spread through contact with blood and bodily fluids, being bitten by an insect etc.
| Name of Disease | Cause | Transmission |
|---|---|---|
| Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | Sexual relation, blood transfusion, sharing of syringes |
| Chicken pox | Varicella-zoster virus | Infected person |
| Cholera | Vibrio cholerae | Contaminated water and seafood |
| Malaria | Plasmodium protozoa | Bite from an infected mosquito |
| Measles | Rubella virus | Droplet infection |
| Typhoid | Salmonella typhi | Droplet spread |
| Common cold | Numerous viruses | Respiratory droplets of infected person |
| Diphtheria | Corynebacterium diphtheriae | Respiratory secretion and saliva of infected person |
| Gonorrhea | Neisseria gonorrhoeae or gonococcus | Vaginal secretion of infected person |
| Influenza | Numerous viruses | Direct contact, respiratory droplets |
| Poliomyelitis | Polio virus | Direct contact with nasopharyngeal secretions of infected person, vomit |
| Rabies | Virus | Bite from rabid animal |
| Dengue fever | Dengue virus | bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes |
| Influenza | Influenza virus | Influenza is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets when an infected person talks |
More Important General Science Topic For Railway Examination
